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{access view=!registered}Only logged in users can view the full text of the article.{/access}{access view=registered}Because of the significance of wind power in markets and systems such as ERCOT and MISO (see Figure 1), there is a need to revisit current electricity market designs and traditional procedures for system operations in the light of the increased uncertainty and variability from wind power generation. System operators in the USA and abroad are currently adjusting their operational procedures and market rules to accommodate wind power’s increasing importance. Different solutions are being tested and implemented, but it will take time before consensus emerges on the main principles of new market structures that better address the implications of increasing reliance on wind power and other renewable energy resources.
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{access view=!registered}Only logged in users can view the full text of the article.{/access}{access view=registered}Large Historical Differences in National Grid Codes
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{access view=!registered}Only logged in users can view the full text of the article.{/access}{access view=registered}Clue one: Driving cross country in the winter of 1992, I saw my first wind farm along a vast stretch of cold, barren Wyoming. It was one of those clear, dry, hyper-cold days when the snow blows like dust across the highway, melts and instantly re-freezes into perfectly formed ice rails where warm truck tyres had passed only moments before.
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{access view=!registered}Only logged in users can view the full text of the article.{/access}{access view=registered}American Superconductor (AMSC) is developing the SeaTitan wind energy system by combining the company’s world-renowned wind turbine engineering experience with its leadership in the superconductor arena. The superconductor generators to be used in SeaTitan wind turbines are based largely on proven superconductor ship propulsion motors and generator technology developed by AMSC for the US Navy. The unique power density of superconductors will enable a 10MW SeaTitan wind turbine to be similar in weight and size to a conventional 5MW system.
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By Corwin Hardham, Makani Power, USA
The Makani airborne wind turbine (AWT) is a new way of harvesting wind energy. A conventional horizontal axis wind turbine (HAWT) generates the majority of its power output using the outboard third of the blade, due to its high speed and large swept area. Makani’s AWT systems use tethered, rigid wings with wing-mounted turbines to fly circular paths similar to the path of the tip of a HAWT blade, at comparable speeds but greater altitudes. Because the entire wing is flying at an aerodynamically active speed, the wing need only be as large as a single blade of a HAWT of the same power rating.
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{access view=!registered}Only logged in users can view the full text of the article.{/access}{access view=registered}There are a number of potential markets for FWTP technology – various companies have targeted the Mediterranean coast of France, Iberia, Italy, Norway, Scotland, Japan, Korea and the USA. Of these nations, the US State of Maine is the only place with a stated installation target: 5GW of FWTP by 2030. The State of Maine estimates that the FWTP offers up to US$ 20 billion of investment, and will create between 7,000 and 15,000 jobs.
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{access view=!registered}Only logged in users can view the full text of the article.{/access}{access view=registered}Wind turbine levelling is commonly achieved using high pressure (700 bar) hydraulic systems. In many cases lifting and levelling the transition piece is still achieved manually, basically using a hydraulic pump and cylinders configuration. However, an electronically monitored system with the use of sensors and valves provides a much more accurate and, importantly, time-saving solution.
